The operation, which began on Monday under an order issued by a federal court in Nevada, targeted traffic involving malicious software known as Bladabindi and Jenxcus, which Microsoft said work in similar ways and were written and distributed by developers in Kuwait and Algeria.
It is the first high-profile case involving malware written by developers outside of Eastern Europe, according to Richard Domingues Boscovich, assistant general counsel of Microsoft’s cybercrime-fighting Digital Crimes Unit.
“We have never seen malware coded outside Eastern Europe that is as big as this. This really demonstrates the globalization of cybercrime,” said Boscovich, whose team at Microsoft has disrupted nine other cybercrime operations over the past five years, all of which it believes originated in Eastern Europe.
He said it would take days to determine how many machines were infected, but noted that the number could be very large because Microsoft’s anti-virus software alone has detected some 7.4 million infections over the past year and is installed on less than 30% of the world’s PCs.
The malware has dashboards with point-and-click menus to execute functions such as viewing a computer screen in real time, recording keystrokes, stealing passwords and listening to conversations, according to documents filed in US District Court in Nevada on June 19 and unsealed on Monday.
The malware was purchased by at least 500 customers.
Boscovich said the developers marketed their malware over social media, including videos on YouTube and a Facebook page. They posted videos with techniques for infecting PCs, he said.
Monday’s operation
The court order allowed Microsoft to disrupt communications between infected machines and Reno, Nevada-based Vitalwerks Internet Solutions.
Boscovich said about 94% of all machines infected with the two viruses communicate with hackers through Vitalwerks servers. Criminals use Vitalwerks as an intermediary to make it more difficult for law enforcement to track, he said.
The court ordered the registries that direct internet communications to send suspected malicious traffic to Microsoft servers in Redmond, Washington, instead of to Vitalwerks.
In an operation that begins Monday, Boscovich said, Microsoft will filter out communications from PCs infected with another 194 types of malware also being filtered through Vitalwerks.
Vitalwerks said Microsoft’s actions have disrupted service for millions of internet users.
“Vitalwerks and (operational subsidiary) No-IP have a very strict abuse policy. Our abuse team is constantly working to keep the No-IP system domains free of spam and malicious activity,” spokeswoman Natalie Goguen said in a statement.
Microsoft has not accused Vitalwerks of involvement in any cybercrime, though it alleges the company failed to take proper steps to prevent its system from being abused.
“We just want them to clean up their act, to be more proactive in monitoring their service,” Boscovich said in an interview.
